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This Note considers the effects of state law entrenchment in federal courts. Entrenchment occurs when defendants, incentivized by higher pleading standards in federal court, continuously remove claims involving unsettled state…

Before January 1, 2015, Arizona prohibited attorneys and judges from citing memorandum decisions. A change to the Arizona Supreme Court Rules, the Arizona Civil Appellate Procedure Rules, and the Arizona…

The rise of assisted reproductive technology like in vitro fertilization (“IVF”) as a method of human reproduction represents a remarkable medical achievement. Live births and success rates have increased dramatically…

The right of sexual autonomy now occupies a central place in the scheme of constitutional liberties. Consensual sexual relations, including fornication, adultery, and sodomy, are understood to lie beyond the…

This Article provides a comprehensive analysis of tribal membership, and the divestment thereof—commonly known as “disenrollment.” Chiefly caused by the proliferation of Indian gaming revenue distributions to tribal members over…

Recently, “labor” has entered the lexicon of NCAA litigation involving antitrust and union organizing. Athletic labor, a term coined by a federal appeals court, signals a favorable turn for students—as…